過去幾天，我對中國進(jìn)行了一次令人難忘的訪問。我想分享一些此行留給我的印象，從剛剛與習(xí)主席的會(huì)面開始。

作為我在蓋茨基金會(huì)工作的一部分，我在疫情之前每年都會(huì)訪問中國、印度、歐洲國家，以及至少一個(gè)非洲國家和美國華盛頓特區(qū)。在這些訪問中，我會(huì)與研究人員、政府機(jī)構(gòu)代表、倡導(dǎo)者和其他致力于應(yīng)對健康和發(fā)展不平等的專家們進(jìn)行交流。這些訪問總是令我受益匪淺，所見所聞也讓我倍感鼓舞。

能夠恢復(fù)這些定期訪問實(shí)在是太好了。這是我四年來首次訪問中國，而在這之后，我將立即前往西非，這也是我自2018年以來首次訪問這個(gè)地區(qū)。我在三月份還去了印度。

在今年的每次出訪中，我都會(huì)傳遞一個(gè)關(guān)鍵信息：在過去二十年中，全球在減少貧困和改善健康方面取得了重大進(jìn)展，但是新冠疫情減緩甚至逆轉(zhuǎn)了一些全球目標(biāo)的進(jìn)展，比如減少貧困、抗擊結(jié)核病和瘧疾等。非洲國家尤其面臨多重挑戰(zhàn)，包括氣候變化的影響、高企的糧食價(jià)格、不斷上升的貧困率、激增的傳染病及債務(wù)壓力。

解決這些問題需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新，包括新的工具和新的方法。中國在這方面擁有豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)。中國已在本土成功消除了包括脊髓灰質(zhì)炎和瘧疾在內(nèi)的多種疾病、研發(fā)的青蒿素等藥物拯救了全球數(shù)百萬瘧疾患者的生命、在減貧方面取得了巨大進(jìn)展，并在可再生能源領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了重大投資。因此我十分期待看到中國這四年來發(fā)生的變化。

此行的亮點(diǎn)之一是全球健康藥物研發(fā)中心（GHDDI），這是一個(gè)由蓋茨基金會(huì)與北京市政府和清華大學(xué)在六年前合作成立的機(jī)構(gòu)。GHDDI展示了公共和私營部門在藥物研發(fā)方面開展合作的一個(gè)有效路徑。在本周早些時(shí)候的一次活動(dòng)上，我談到了該中心在結(jié)核病和瘧疾方面的工作，也承諾我們將在未來五年持續(xù)提供支持。

比爾·蓋茨在全球健康藥物研發(fā)中心主任丁勝的陪同下參觀實(shí)驗(yàn)

我還參觀了國家作物種質(zhì)資源庫。這是一個(gè)重要的作物研究中心，同時(shí)也作為種質(zhì)長期保存空間，為全球科學(xué)家提供糧食作物的遺傳數(shù)據(jù)。在訪問中，我見到了一些農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家，他們正與世界各地——特別是非洲——的同行合作，研究新型水稻品種，幫助農(nóng)民提高生產(chǎn)力并盡可能減少對化肥、農(nóng)藥和灌溉的需求。

比爾·蓋茨在國家作物種質(zhì)資源庫與高達(dá)2.4米的世界上株高最高的水稻植株標(biāo)本合影

他們的工作成果已經(jīng)惠及亞洲和非洲的數(shù)百萬農(nóng)戶。在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域持續(xù)進(jìn)行技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新投資，對于中國各地提升農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力發(fā)揮了重要作用。更令我振奮的是，中國承諾與低收入國家分享他們的專業(yè)知識和創(chuàng)新實(shí)踐。通過幫助農(nóng)民適應(yīng)氣候變化、增加收入并應(yīng)對糧食危機(jī)，中國正在為全球糧食安全做出重大貢獻(xiàn)。

我們的基金會(huì)與中國伙伴開展合作已超過15年，取得了豐碩成果，作物種質(zhì)資源庫和GHDDI只是其中兩個(gè)例證。在接下來的幾個(gè)月里會(huì)有很多重大時(shí)刻，包括在巴黎舉行的新全球融資協(xié)議峰會(huì)、在新德里舉行的二十國集團(tuán)峰會(huì)和在迪拜舉行的第28屆聯(lián)合國氣候變化大會(huì)等。中國和其他國家可以通過這些平臺做出更多貢獻(xiàn)。

我深信，如果我們攜手合作應(yīng)對氣候變化、健康不平等和糧食安全等問題，我們將能夠取得非凡的進(jìn)展。我期待著探索新的合作和創(chuàng)新機(jī)遇，為所有人創(chuàng)建一個(gè)更加美好的未來。

I’m visiting the country after four years away

I’m seeing first-hand some of the innovations that could contribute to global progress.

I want to share a few impressions from my time in China. I just had a meeting with President Xi, in which we discussed the importance of addressing global health and development challenges, like health inequity and climate change, and how China can play a role in achieving progress for people everywhere.

As part of my work with the Gates Foundation, I’ve tried to visit China, India, countries in Africa and Europe, and Washington D.C. each year. On these trips, I’d talk to researchers, government leaders, advocates, and other experts who are working on inequities in health and development. I’d always learn a lot, returning inspired by what I saw and heard.

It’s great to be able to resume these regular visits. This was my first trip to China in four years, and immediately after this trip, I’m headed to West Africa for the first time in five years. And I went to India in March.

On each trip this year, I have a key message: Over the past two decades, the world made significant strides in reducing poverty and improving health outcomes, but COVID was a big setback and even reversed progress on some global goals like reducing poverty and fighting TB and malaria. Many African countries, for example, are particularly impacted by overlapping challenges, including the effects of climate change, high food prices, escalating poverty rates, surging infectious diseases, and significant debt pressures.

Even though the challenges facing many African countries are complex, I’m optimistic that innovation in health, agriculture, digital finance, and energy will help improve lives there. I’m looking forward to meeting leaders and young people helping to accelerate progress when I visit West Africa.

Solving these problems requires innovation—both new tools and new ways of doing things. China has eliminated diseases, including polio and malaria, within its borders, developed drugs like artemisinin that have saved millions of lives around the world from malaria, made great strides in poverty reduction, and has made significant investments in clean energy and climate adaptation. So I was looking forward to seeing what’s changed since my last visit four years ago.

One highlight was my visit to the Global Health Drug Discovery Institute, an organization our foundation helped establish six years ago in partnership with the Beijing Municipal Government and Tsinghua University. GHDDI represents a productive way for public and private partners to work together on discovering new medicines for diseases that disproportionately impact the world’s most vulnerable populations but have applications for the world. I spoke about the institute’s work on TB and malaria yesterday, and we also extended our partnership over the next five years.

I also got to visit the National Crop Genebank of China. This facility is a prominent crop research center and also serves as a long-term preservation storage space for seeds so that scientists around the world have access to important genetic data. During my visit, I met with agricultural scientists who are working with their counterparts worldwide, particularly in Africa, on new rice varieties that help farmers increase their productivity and minimize the need for fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation.

The benefits of their work have reached millions of farming households across Asia and Africa. The continued investment in technology and innovation within the agricultural sector has played a significant role in the increase in agricultural productivity throughout China. What excites me even more is China’s commitment to share their expertise and innovative practices with low-income countries. By assisting farmers in adapting to climate change, increasing their income, and combating food crises, they are making a substantial contribution to global food security.

The genebank and GHDDI are just two examples of the promising work the foundation has seen in China in the more than 15 years we’ve been partnering here. And there will be more opportunities for China and others to step up later this year, including a summit on development financing in Paris, a meeting of the G20 in New Delhi, and the COP28 climate conference in Dubai.

I’m convinced that if the world works together to address climate change, health inequity, and food security we can make extraordinary progress. And I’m looking forward to exploring new opportunities for collaboration and innovation that will make a better future for everyone.

（原標(biāo)題：《比爾·蓋茨：我時(shí)隔四年再度訪問中國》）